{"id":35,"date":"2025-12-09T20:36:54","date_gmt":"2025-12-09T20:36:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/?page_id=35"},"modified":"2026-03-05T12:33:35","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T20:33:35","slug":"reading-list","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/reading-list\/","title":{"rendered":"Reading List"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignwide is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f8ece0\">When possible, readings are linked from this page. (You may <a href=\"https:\/\/www.library.ucla.edu\/help\/services-resources\/connecting-from-off-campus\">need to use a UCLA VPN<\/a>.) If no link is present, the reading is posted on <a href=\"https:\/\/bruinlearn.ucla.edu\/courses\/222923\">BruinLearn<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>WEEK <a href=\"#one\">ONE<\/a> <a href=\"#two\">TWO<\/a> <a href=\"#three\">THREE<\/a> <a href=\"#four\">FOUR<\/a> <a href=\"#five\">FIVE<\/a> <a href=\"#six\">SIX<\/a> <a href=\"#seven\">SEVEN<\/a> <a href=\"#eight\">EIGHT<\/a> <a href=\"#nine\">NINE<\/a> <a href=\"#ten\">TEN<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"one\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w1\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"57\">Week 1: Introduction<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In class:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><em>History of Databases<\/em>, directed by Jon Plutte (Impact Media Group, 2011), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.computerhistory.org\/revolution\/memory-storage\/8\/265\/2207\">https:\/\/www.computerhistory.org\/revolution\/memory-storage\/8\/265\/2207<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"two\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w2\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"61\">Week 2: Precursors<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Robertson, Craig. <em>The Filing Cabinet: A Vertical History of Information<\/em> (selections). University of Minnesota Press, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rosenthal, Caitlin. <em>Accounting for Slavery: Masters and Management<\/em> (selections). Harvard University Press, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Carter, Daniel, Amelia Acker, and Dan Sholler. \u201cInvestigative Approaches to Researching Information Technology Companies.\u201d <em>Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology<\/em> 72, no. 6 (2021): 655\u201366. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/asi.24446\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/asi.24446<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Optional<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Yates, JoAnne. <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/controlthroughco00joan\"><em>Control Through Communication: The Rise of System in American Management<\/em>.<\/a> Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"three\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w3\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"66\">Week 3: Beginnings<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Haigh, Thomas. \u201c\u2018A Veritable Bucket of Facts\u2019: Origins of the Data Base Management System.\u201d <em>ACM SIGMOD Record<\/em> 35, no. 2 (2006): 33\u201349. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1147376.1147382\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1147376.1147382<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Grafton, William. \u201cIMS: Past, Present, Future.\u201d <em>Datamation<\/em>, September 1983. <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.computerhistory.org\/resources\/access\/text\/2022\/02\/102796683-05-01-acc.pdf\">https:\/\/archive.computerhistory.org\/resources\/access\/text\/2022\/02\/102796683-05-01-acc.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cChapter 3: Making Data Programmable.\u201d In <em>Archiving Machines: From Punch Cards to Platforms<\/em>, by Amelia Acker. The Information Society Series. MIT Press, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/books\/oa-monograph\/6055\/Archiving-MachinesFrom-Punch-Cards-to-Platforms\">https:\/\/direct.mit.edu\/books\/oa-monograph\/6055\/Archiving-MachinesFrom-Punch-Cards-to-Platforms<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Olson, H.A. \u201cExclusivity, Teleology and Hierarchy: Our Aristotelean Legacy.\u201d <em>Knowledge Organization<\/em> 29, no. 2 (1999): 65\u201373. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/KO\/26\/2\/10.5771\/0943-7444-1999-2-65\/pdf\">https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/KO\/26\/2\/10.5771\/0943-7444-1999-2-65\/pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Optional<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Berman, Uri. <em>Birth of IMS<\/em>. R0367.2017. Computer History Museum, 2007. <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.computerhistory.org\/resources\/access\/text\/2016\/08\/500001032-05-01-acc.pdf\">https:\/\/archive.computerhistory.org\/resources\/access\/text\/2016\/08\/500001032-05-01-acc.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Driscoll, Kevin. \u201cFrom Punched Cards to \u2018Big Data\u2019: A Social History of Database Populism.\u201d <em>Communication<\/em> 1, no. 1 (2012): 1\u201333. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7275\/R5B8562P\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7275\/R5B8562P<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"four\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w4\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"68\">Week 4: Pointing<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Haigh, Thomas. \u201cHow Charles Bachman Invented the DBMS, a Foundation of Our Digital World.\u201d <em>Communications of the ACM<\/em> 59, no. 7 (2016): 25\u201330. <a href=\"https:\/\/cacm.acm.org\/opinion\/how-charles-bachman-invented-the-dbms-a-foundation-of-our-digital-world\/\">https:\/\/cacm.acm.org\/opinion\/how-charles-bachman-invented-the-dbms-a-foundation-of-our-digital-world\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sections 1 and 2. Metaxides, A., W. B. Helgeson, R. E. Seth, et al. <em>Data Base Task Group Report to the CODASYL Programming Language Committee<\/em>. Association for Computing Machinery, 1971. <a href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/epdf\/10.1145\/1387145\">https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/epdf\/10.1145\/1387145<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sawtelle, Thomas K. <em>The Emerging Role of the Data Base Manager<\/em>. R-1253-PR. United States Airforce Project Rand, 1973. <a href=\"http:\/\/archive.org\/details\/ERIC_ED095918\">http:\/\/archive.org\/details\/ERIC_ED095918<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Deleuze, Gilles, F\u00e9lix Guattari, Brian Massumi, and Gilles Deleuze. <em>A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia<\/em> (selections). Ed. 2004, Repr. 2011. Continuum, 2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"five\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w5\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"70\">Week 5: Relating<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Codd, E. F. \u201cA Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks.\u201d <em>Communications of the ACM<\/em> 13, no. 6 (1970): 377\u201387. <a href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/362384.362685\">https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/362384.362685<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Darwen, Hugh. \u201cThe Relational Model: Beginning of an Era.\u201d <em>IEEE Annals of the History of Computing<\/em> 34, no. 4 (2012): 30\u201337. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MAHC.2012.50\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MAHC.2012.50<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kent, William. \u201cA Simple Guide to Five Normal Forms in Relational Database Theory.\u201d <em>Communications of the ACM<\/em> 26, no. 2 (1983): 120\u201325. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/358024.358054\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/358024.358054<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mackenzie, Adrian. \u201cMore Parts Than Elements: How Databases Multiply.\u201d <em>Environment and Planning D: Society and Space<\/em> 30, no. 2 (2012): 335\u201350. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1068\/d6710\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1068\/d6710<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For reference<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DB-Engines, \u201cDB-Engines Ranking,\u201d DB-Engines, December 2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/db-engines.com\/en\/ranking\">https:\/\/db-engines.com\/en\/ranking<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"six\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w6\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"72\">Week 6: Snowflakes &amp; Stars<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Because of my illness during Week 4, we\u2019ll devote this week\u2019s class mostly to the readings from Week 5. Please pick one of these articles to read.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kimball, Ralph. \u201cThe Soul of the Data Warehouse, Part One: Drilling Down.\u201d <em>Intelligent Enterprise<\/em> (San Mateo) 6, no. 5 (2003).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kimball, Ralph. \u201cThe Soul of the Data Warehouse, Part Two: Drilling Across.\u201d <em>Intelligent Enterprise<\/em> (San Mateo) 6, no. 6 (2003): 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haggerty, Kevin D., and Richard V. Ericson. \u201cThe Surveillant Assemblage.\u201d <em>The British Journal of Sociology<\/em> 51, no. 4 (2000): 605\u201322. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00071310020015280\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00071310020015280<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Littletree, Sandra, Miranda Belarde-Lewis, and Marisa Duarte. \u201cCentering Relationality: A Conceptual Model to Advance Indigenous Knowledge Organization Practices.\u201d <em>Knowledge Organization<\/em> 47, no. 5 (2020): 410\u201326. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5771\/0943-7444-2020-5-410\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5771\/0943-7444-2020-5-410<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"seven\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w7\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"74\">Week 7: Shape-shifting<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Castelle, Michael. \u201cRelational and Non-Relational Models in the Entextualization of Bureaucracy.\u201d <em>Computational Culture<\/em>, no. 3 (November 2013). <a href=\"http:\/\/computationalculture.net\/relational-and-non-relational-models-in-the-entextualization-of-bureaucracy\/\">http:\/\/computationalculture.net\/relational-and-non-relational-models-in-the-entextualization-of-bureaucracy\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dourish, Paul. \u201cNo SQL: The Shifting Materialities of Database Technology.\u201d <em>Computational Culture<\/em>, no. 4 (November 2014). <a href=\"http:\/\/computationalculture.net\/no-sql-the-shifting-materialities-of-database-technology\/\">http:\/\/computationalculture.net\/no-sql-the-shifting-materialities-of-database-technology\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Angles, Renzo, and Claudio Gutierrez. \u201cSurvey of Graph Database Models.\u201d <em>ACM Comput. Surv.<\/em> 40, no. 1 (2008): 1:1-1:39. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1322432.1322433\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1322432.1322433<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Useful references<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Marc Seeger, \u201cKey-Value Stores: A Practical Overview,\u201d Ultra-Large-Sites SS09, Stuttgart, Germany, September 21, 2009, <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.marc-seeger.de\/assets\/papers\/Ultra_Large_Sites_SS09-Seeger_Key_Value_Stores.pdf\">https:\/\/blog.marc-seeger.de\/assets\/papers\/Ultra_Large_Sites_SS09-Seeger_Key_Value_Stores.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dave Bergmann and Cole Stryker, \u201cWhat Is Vector Embedding?,\u201d IBM, June 12, 2024, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/think\/topics\/vector-embedding\">https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/think\/topics\/vector-embedding<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"eight\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w8\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"76\">Week 8: Clouding<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Abadi, Daniel J., Peter A. Boncz, and Stavros Harizopoulos. \u201cColumn-Oriented Database Systems.\u201d <em>Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment<\/em> 2, no. 2 (2009): 1664\u201365. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14778\/1687553.1687625\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14778\/1687553.1687625<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gorelik, Alex. <em>The Enterprise Big Data Lake<\/em>. O\u2019Reilly Media, 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/learning.oreilly.com\/library\/view\/the-enterprise-big\/9781491931547\/\">https:\/\/learning.oreilly.com\/library\/view\/the-enterprise-big\/9781491931547\/<\/a>. Read chapter one, &#8220;Introduction to Data Lakes.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cPlatform Capitalism.\u201d In <em>Platform Capitalism<\/em>, electronic edition, by Nick Srnicek. Theory Redux. Polity, 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/mudancatecnologicaedinamicacapitalista.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/02\/platform-capitalism.pdf\">https:\/\/mudancatecnologicaedinamicacapitalista.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/02\/platform-capitalism.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"nine\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w9\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"78\">Week 9: Everything Everywhere All at Once<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Kelly, Makena. \u201cDOGE Is Building a Master Database to Surveil and Track Immigrants.\u201d Tags. <em>Wired<\/em>, April 18, 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Koebler, Jason. \u201cLarry Ellison\u2019s AI-Powered Surveillance Dystopia Is Already Here.\u201d 404 Media, September 17, 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Saunders, Jonny L. \u201cSurveillance Graphs.\u201d Jonny Saunders Internet Website, April 2, 2023. <a href=\"https:\/\/jon-e.net\/surveillance-graphs\">https:\/\/jon-e.net\/surveillance-graphs<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Iliadis, Andrew, and Amelia Acker. \u201cThe Palantir Files: Public Interest Archives for Platform Accountability.\u201d <em>Information, Communication &amp; Society<\/em> 27, no. 13 (2024): 2343\u201365. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1369118X.2024.2352624\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1369118X.2024.2352624<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For reference<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Community Justice Exchange. <em>From Data Criminalization to Prison Abolition<\/em>. n.d. Accessed April 21, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/abolishdatacrim.org\/en\/report\/full\">https:\/\/abolishdatacrim.org\/en\/report\/full<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stegeman, John, Kara Doriani O\u2019Shee, and Ryan Peden. \u201cIs a Knowledge Graph a Graph Database?\u201d <em>Neo4j Blog<\/em>, April 25, 2025. <a href=\"https:\/\/neo4j.com\/blog\/knowledge-graph\/knowledge-graph-vs-graph-database\/\">https:\/\/neo4j.com\/blog\/knowledge-graph\/knowledge-graph-vs-graph-database\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zamini, Mohamad, Hassan Reza, and Minou Rabiei. \u201cA Review of Knowledge Graph Completion.\u201d arXiv:2208.11652. Preprint, arXiv, August 24, 2022. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2208.11652\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2208.11652<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ten\"><a href=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/w10\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"80\">Week 10: Workshopping and Peer Review<\/a><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"681\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.34.16-AM-681x1024.png\" alt=\"Cover of A Practical Guide to Data Base Management features three circular disks, each at a different angle.\" class=\"wp-image-116\" srcset=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.34.16-AM-681x1024.png 681w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.34.16-AM-200x300.png 200w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.34.16-AM-768x1154.png 768w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.34.16-AM-1022x1536.png 1022w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.34.16-AM-77x116.png 77w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.34.16-AM.png 1102w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 681px) 100vw, 681px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">James Hannan, ed., A Practical Guide to Data Base Management (Pennsauken, NJ: Auerbach Publishers, 1982).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"715\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.43.08-AM-715x1024.png\" alt=\"Cover of book entitled Data Base Management Systems features a data model composed of simple geometric shapes connected by solid or dotted lines.\" class=\"wp-image-118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.43.08-AM-715x1024.png 715w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.43.08-AM-209x300.png 209w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.43.08-AM-768x1100.png 768w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.43.08-AM-81x116.png 81w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-11-at-9.43.08-AM.png 1054w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Dionysios C. Tsichritzis and Frederick H. Lochovsky, eds., Data Base Management Systems (New York: Academic Press, 1977).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"756\" height=\"828\" src=\"http:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-09-at-1.12.23-PM.png\" alt=\"A diagram pairs two barrel shapes, a large one and small one. The larger one is labeled SKILLS INVENTORY DATA BASE while the smaller is labeled PAYROLL DATA BASE. Each barrel contains a flow chart, with arrows connecting the various nodes.\" class=\"wp-image-44\" srcset=\"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-09-at-1.12.23-PM.png 756w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-09-at-1.12.23-PM-274x300.png 274w, https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/29\/2025\/12\/Screenshot-2025-12-09-at-1.12.23-PM-106x116.png 106w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 756px) 100vw, 756px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When possible, readings are linked from this page. (You may need to use a UCLA VPN.) If no link is present, the reading is posted on BruinLearn. WEEK ONE TWO [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-35","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35"}],"version-history":[{"count":54,"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":458,"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/35\/revisions\/458"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/miriamposner.com\/classes\/is291bw26\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}